Swelling mechanism of urea cross-linked starch�lignin films in water

Coating fertilizer particles with thin films is a possibility to control fertilizer release rates. It is observed that novel urea cross-linked starch�lignin composite thin films, prepared by solution casting, swell on coming into contact with water due to the increase in volume by water uptake by...

Full description

Main Authors: Sarwono, A., Man, Z., Bustam, M.A., Subbarao, D., Idris, A., Muhammad, N., Khan, A.S., Ullah, Z.
Format: Article
Institution: Universiti Teknologi Petronas
Record Id / ISBN-0: utp-eprints.20701 /
Published: Taylor and Francis Ltd. 2018
Online Access: https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85020264720&doi=10.1080%2f09593330.2017.1332108&partnerID=40&md5=dcd04756c49ef803e35a5cb4a4c059f8
http://eprints.utp.edu.my/20701/
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
id utp-eprints.20701
recordtype eprints
spelling utp-eprints.207012018-09-25T00:46:38Z Swelling mechanism of urea cross-linked starch�lignin films in water Sarwono, A. Man, Z. Bustam, M.A. Subbarao, D. Idris, A. Muhammad, N. Khan, A.S. Ullah, Z. Coating fertilizer particles with thin films is a possibility to control fertilizer release rates. It is observed that novel urea cross-linked starch�lignin composite thin films, prepared by solution casting, swell on coming into contact with water due to the increase in volume by water uptake by diffusion. The effect of lignin content, varied from 0 to 20 in steps of 5 at three different temperatures (25°C, 35°C and 45°C), on swelling of the film was investigated. By gravimetric analysis, the equilibrium water uptake and diffusion coefficient decrease with lignin content, indicating that the addition of lignin increases the hydrophobicity of the films. When temperature increases, the diffusion coefficient and the amount of water absorbed tend to increase. Assuming that swelling of the thin film is by water uptake by diffusion, the diffusion coefficient is estimated. The estimated diffusion coefficient decreases from 4.3 to 2.1 � 10�7 cm2/s at 25°C, from 5.3 to 2.9 � 10�7cm2/s at 35°C and from 6.2 to 3.8 � 10�7 cm2/s at 45°C depending on the lignin content. Activation energy for the increase in diffusion coefficient with temperature is observed to be 16.55 kJ/mol. An empirical model of water uptake as a function of percentage of lignin and temperature was also developed based on Fick�s law. © 2017 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. Taylor and Francis Ltd. 2018 Article NonPeerReviewed https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85020264720&doi=10.1080%2f09593330.2017.1332108&partnerID=40&md5=dcd04756c49ef803e35a5cb4a4c059f8 Sarwono, A. and Man, Z. and Bustam, M.A. and Subbarao, D. and Idris, A. and Muhammad, N. and Khan, A.S. and Ullah, Z. (2018) Swelling mechanism of urea cross-linked starch�lignin films in water. Environmental Technology (United Kingdom), 39 (12). pp. 1522-1532. http://eprints.utp.edu.my/20701/
institution Universiti Teknologi Petronas
collection UTP Institutional Repository
description Coating fertilizer particles with thin films is a possibility to control fertilizer release rates. It is observed that novel urea cross-linked starch�lignin composite thin films, prepared by solution casting, swell on coming into contact with water due to the increase in volume by water uptake by diffusion. The effect of lignin content, varied from 0 to 20 in steps of 5 at three different temperatures (25°C, 35°C and 45°C), on swelling of the film was investigated. By gravimetric analysis, the equilibrium water uptake and diffusion coefficient decrease with lignin content, indicating that the addition of lignin increases the hydrophobicity of the films. When temperature increases, the diffusion coefficient and the amount of water absorbed tend to increase. Assuming that swelling of the thin film is by water uptake by diffusion, the diffusion coefficient is estimated. The estimated diffusion coefficient decreases from 4.3 to 2.1 � 10�7 cm2/s at 25°C, from 5.3 to 2.9 � 10�7cm2/s at 35°C and from 6.2 to 3.8 � 10�7 cm2/s at 45°C depending on the lignin content. Activation energy for the increase in diffusion coefficient with temperature is observed to be 16.55 kJ/mol. An empirical model of water uptake as a function of percentage of lignin and temperature was also developed based on Fick�s law. © 2017 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
format Article
author Sarwono, A.
Man, Z.
Bustam, M.A.
Subbarao, D.
Idris, A.
Muhammad, N.
Khan, A.S.
Ullah, Z.
spellingShingle Sarwono, A.
Man, Z.
Bustam, M.A.
Subbarao, D.
Idris, A.
Muhammad, N.
Khan, A.S.
Ullah, Z.
Swelling mechanism of urea cross-linked starch�lignin films in water
author_sort Sarwono, A.
title Swelling mechanism of urea cross-linked starch�lignin films in water
title_short Swelling mechanism of urea cross-linked starch�lignin films in water
title_full Swelling mechanism of urea cross-linked starch�lignin films in water
title_fullStr Swelling mechanism of urea cross-linked starch�lignin films in water
title_full_unstemmed Swelling mechanism of urea cross-linked starch�lignin films in water
title_sort swelling mechanism of urea cross-linked starch�lignin films in water
publisher Taylor and Francis Ltd.
publishDate 2018
url https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85020264720&doi=10.1080%2f09593330.2017.1332108&partnerID=40&md5=dcd04756c49ef803e35a5cb4a4c059f8
http://eprints.utp.edu.my/20701/
_version_ 1741196382876729344
score 11.62408

Similar Items