Multi-objective Sustainability Assessment of Levulinic Acid Production from Empty Fruit Bunch

Malaysia is one of the largest producers of crude palm oil, which also produces abundant empty fruit bunch (EFB) as a lignocellulosic waste. Levulinic acid (LA) is a promising chemical building block that can be produced from acid-hydrolysed EFB, via dehydration-hydration reactions. This work has ev...

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Main Authors: Hafyan, R.H., Bhullar, L., Putra, Z.A., Bilad, M.R., Wirzal, M.D.H., Nordin, N.A.H.M.
Format: Article
Institution: Universiti Teknologi Petronas
Record Id / ISBN-0: utp-eprints.23127 /
Published: Springer 2020
Online Access: https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85082335745&doi=10.1007%2fs41660-019-00097-4&partnerID=40&md5=925a2f43c893d70e634b720cd95ac5ca
http://eprints.utp.edu.my/23127/
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spelling utp-eprints.231272021-08-19T05:35:55Z Multi-objective Sustainability Assessment of Levulinic Acid Production from Empty Fruit Bunch Hafyan, R.H. Bhullar, L. Putra, Z.A. Bilad, M.R. Wirzal, M.D.H. Nordin, N.A.H.M. Malaysia is one of the largest producers of crude palm oil, which also produces abundant empty fruit bunch (EFB) as a lignocellulosic waste. Levulinic acid (LA) is a promising chemical building block that can be produced from acid-hydrolysed EFB, via dehydration-hydration reactions. This work has evaluated the sustainability aspects of LA production by simultaneously considering economic, environment, and safety aspects. These aspects were computed using net present value (NPV), global warming potential (GWP), and hazard identification and ranking (HIRA), respectively. Using HIRA, fire and explosion damage index (FEDI) and toxicity damage index (TDI) were also estimated. These conflicting objectives were solved using multi-objective optimization. Genetic algorithm (GA) was conducted in MATLAB to generate a Pareto-optimal front. The results show trade-offs among the objective functions and insights into how design/operating variables affect the sustainability aspects. The Pareto-optimal solutions reveal that at maximum EFB capacity of 100 ton/h, maximum NPV of 6.4 billion USD is achieved. However, at this point, the values of GWP and TDI are at a maximum of 174,041 kg CO2-eq and 402.9, respectively. At minimum EFB capacity of 50 ton/h, only minimum NPV of 2.7 billion USD is achieved. Nevertheless, at this point, the values of GWP and TDI are at a minimum of 86,691 kg CO2-eq and 283.3, respectively. © 2019, Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. Springer 2020 Article NonPeerReviewed https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85082335745&doi=10.1007%2fs41660-019-00097-4&partnerID=40&md5=925a2f43c893d70e634b720cd95ac5ca Hafyan, R.H. and Bhullar, L. and Putra, Z.A. and Bilad, M.R. and Wirzal, M.D.H. and Nordin, N.A.H.M. (2020) Multi-objective Sustainability Assessment of Levulinic Acid Production from Empty Fruit Bunch. Process Integration and Optimization for Sustainability, 4 (1). pp. 37-50. http://eprints.utp.edu.my/23127/
institution Universiti Teknologi Petronas
collection UTP Institutional Repository
description Malaysia is one of the largest producers of crude palm oil, which also produces abundant empty fruit bunch (EFB) as a lignocellulosic waste. Levulinic acid (LA) is a promising chemical building block that can be produced from acid-hydrolysed EFB, via dehydration-hydration reactions. This work has evaluated the sustainability aspects of LA production by simultaneously considering economic, environment, and safety aspects. These aspects were computed using net present value (NPV), global warming potential (GWP), and hazard identification and ranking (HIRA), respectively. Using HIRA, fire and explosion damage index (FEDI) and toxicity damage index (TDI) were also estimated. These conflicting objectives were solved using multi-objective optimization. Genetic algorithm (GA) was conducted in MATLAB to generate a Pareto-optimal front. The results show trade-offs among the objective functions and insights into how design/operating variables affect the sustainability aspects. The Pareto-optimal solutions reveal that at maximum EFB capacity of 100 ton/h, maximum NPV of 6.4 billion USD is achieved. However, at this point, the values of GWP and TDI are at a maximum of 174,041 kg CO2-eq and 402.9, respectively. At minimum EFB capacity of 50 ton/h, only minimum NPV of 2.7 billion USD is achieved. Nevertheless, at this point, the values of GWP and TDI are at a minimum of 86,691 kg CO2-eq and 283.3, respectively. © 2019, Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
format Article
author Hafyan, R.H.
Bhullar, L.
Putra, Z.A.
Bilad, M.R.
Wirzal, M.D.H.
Nordin, N.A.H.M.
spellingShingle Hafyan, R.H.
Bhullar, L.
Putra, Z.A.
Bilad, M.R.
Wirzal, M.D.H.
Nordin, N.A.H.M.
Multi-objective Sustainability Assessment of Levulinic Acid Production from Empty Fruit Bunch
author_sort Hafyan, R.H.
title Multi-objective Sustainability Assessment of Levulinic Acid Production from Empty Fruit Bunch
title_short Multi-objective Sustainability Assessment of Levulinic Acid Production from Empty Fruit Bunch
title_full Multi-objective Sustainability Assessment of Levulinic Acid Production from Empty Fruit Bunch
title_fullStr Multi-objective Sustainability Assessment of Levulinic Acid Production from Empty Fruit Bunch
title_full_unstemmed Multi-objective Sustainability Assessment of Levulinic Acid Production from Empty Fruit Bunch
title_sort multi-objective sustainability assessment of levulinic acid production from empty fruit bunch
publisher Springer
publishDate 2020
url https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85082335745&doi=10.1007%2fs41660-019-00097-4&partnerID=40&md5=925a2f43c893d70e634b720cd95ac5ca
http://eprints.utp.edu.my/23127/
_version_ 1741196625283383296
score 11.62408

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