Continuous monitoring of crude oil movement in an electromagnetic-assisted enhanced oil recovery process using a modified fiber Bragg grating sensor

The Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensor used for distinguishing the oil movement offers detailed insights about the reservoir oil and is the key to quantifying the impact on improvement and the integrity and efficiency of the wells. The modified FBG sensors proposed in this paper through a partially un...

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Main Authors: Samavati, A., Velashjerdi, M., Ismail, A.F., Othman, M.H.D., Eisaabadi B., G., Awang, A., Samavati, Z., Rostami, A., Yahya, N.
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Institution: Universiti Teknologi Petronas
Record Id / ISBN-0: utp-eprints.23884 /
Published: Elsevier B.V. 2021
Online Access: https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85098737454&doi=10.1016%2fj.sna.2020.112428&partnerID=40&md5=0156b27ce265d944813326d8b22d6a00
http://eprints.utp.edu.my/23884/
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spelling utp-eprints.238842021-08-19T13:24:52Z Continuous monitoring of crude oil movement in an electromagnetic-assisted enhanced oil recovery process using a modified fiber Bragg grating sensor Samavati, A. Velashjerdi, M. Ismail, A.F. Othman, M.H.D. Eisaabadi B., G. Awang, A. Samavati, Z. Rostami, A. Yahya, N. The Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensor used for distinguishing the oil movement offers detailed insights about the reservoir oil and is the key to quantifying the impact on improvement and the integrity and efficiency of the wells. The modified FBG sensors proposed in this paper through a partially un-cladding process and magnetostrictive nanolayer coating could advantageously monitor the crude oil mobility in electromagnetic-assisted enhanced oil recovery operations. The remaining �400 nm thickness of cladding after partial removal was coated with �100 nm magnetostrictive Ni-Fe nanolayer. The structures of Ga-doped magnetite and Ga-doped hematite were found orthorhombic with Pnma space group and rhombohedral with R3C space group, with the corresponding remnant magnetization (retentivity) value of 94 Oe and 150 Oe, respectively. The magnetization values at 1.5 T were 30 for Ga-doped magnetite and 21 emu/g for Ga-doped hematite nanoparticles. The interfacial tension of crude oil and brine dropped for 16.9 and 4.1 when the Ga-doped magnetite and the Ga-doped hematite nanofluid were injected, respectively. The correlated contact angle for the Ga-doped magnetite was 65.2�, while for the Ga-doped hematite, it was 57.4�. The FBG's responses to different nanofluids and surfactant injection at the presence of electromagnetic field indicated the high sensitivity of the probe against the induced magnetic field, which was varied as a function of distance, nanofluids type, and nanoparticles accumulation near the FBG sensing point. The increase in the wavelength shift of FBG by flowing the nanofluids through the sandstone and opposite behavior was recorded by surfactant flowing. The maximum wavelength shift was 0.21 nm when Ga-doped magnetite nanofluid was injected, whereas it was 0.14 when Ga-doped hematite was injected. © 2020 Elsevier B.V. Elsevier B.V. 2021 Article NonPeerReviewed https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85098737454&doi=10.1016%2fj.sna.2020.112428&partnerID=40&md5=0156b27ce265d944813326d8b22d6a00 Samavati, A. and Velashjerdi, M. and Ismail, A.F. and Othman, M.H.D. and Eisaabadi B., G. and Awang, A. and Samavati, Z. and Rostami, A. and Yahya, N. (2021) Continuous monitoring of crude oil movement in an electromagnetic-assisted enhanced oil recovery process using a modified fiber Bragg grating sensor. Sensors and Actuators, A: Physical, 318 . http://eprints.utp.edu.my/23884/
institution Universiti Teknologi Petronas
collection UTP Institutional Repository
description The Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensor used for distinguishing the oil movement offers detailed insights about the reservoir oil and is the key to quantifying the impact on improvement and the integrity and efficiency of the wells. The modified FBG sensors proposed in this paper through a partially un-cladding process and magnetostrictive nanolayer coating could advantageously monitor the crude oil mobility in electromagnetic-assisted enhanced oil recovery operations. The remaining �400 nm thickness of cladding after partial removal was coated with �100 nm magnetostrictive Ni-Fe nanolayer. The structures of Ga-doped magnetite and Ga-doped hematite were found orthorhombic with Pnma space group and rhombohedral with R3C space group, with the corresponding remnant magnetization (retentivity) value of 94 Oe and 150 Oe, respectively. The magnetization values at 1.5 T were 30 for Ga-doped magnetite and 21 emu/g for Ga-doped hematite nanoparticles. The interfacial tension of crude oil and brine dropped for 16.9 and 4.1 when the Ga-doped magnetite and the Ga-doped hematite nanofluid were injected, respectively. The correlated contact angle for the Ga-doped magnetite was 65.2�, while for the Ga-doped hematite, it was 57.4�. The FBG's responses to different nanofluids and surfactant injection at the presence of electromagnetic field indicated the high sensitivity of the probe against the induced magnetic field, which was varied as a function of distance, nanofluids type, and nanoparticles accumulation near the FBG sensing point. The increase in the wavelength shift of FBG by flowing the nanofluids through the sandstone and opposite behavior was recorded by surfactant flowing. The maximum wavelength shift was 0.21 nm when Ga-doped magnetite nanofluid was injected, whereas it was 0.14 when Ga-doped hematite was injected. © 2020 Elsevier B.V.
format Article
author Samavati, A.
Velashjerdi, M.
Ismail, A.F.
Othman, M.H.D.
Eisaabadi B., G.
Awang, A.
Samavati, Z.
Rostami, A.
Yahya, N.
spellingShingle Samavati, A.
Velashjerdi, M.
Ismail, A.F.
Othman, M.H.D.
Eisaabadi B., G.
Awang, A.
Samavati, Z.
Rostami, A.
Yahya, N.
Continuous monitoring of crude oil movement in an electromagnetic-assisted enhanced oil recovery process using a modified fiber Bragg grating sensor
author_sort Samavati, A.
title Continuous monitoring of crude oil movement in an electromagnetic-assisted enhanced oil recovery process using a modified fiber Bragg grating sensor
title_short Continuous monitoring of crude oil movement in an electromagnetic-assisted enhanced oil recovery process using a modified fiber Bragg grating sensor
title_full Continuous monitoring of crude oil movement in an electromagnetic-assisted enhanced oil recovery process using a modified fiber Bragg grating sensor
title_fullStr Continuous monitoring of crude oil movement in an electromagnetic-assisted enhanced oil recovery process using a modified fiber Bragg grating sensor
title_full_unstemmed Continuous monitoring of crude oil movement in an electromagnetic-assisted enhanced oil recovery process using a modified fiber Bragg grating sensor
title_sort continuous monitoring of crude oil movement in an electromagnetic-assisted enhanced oil recovery process using a modified fiber bragg grating sensor
publisher Elsevier B.V.
publishDate 2021
url https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85098737454&doi=10.1016%2fj.sna.2020.112428&partnerID=40&md5=0156b27ce265d944813326d8b22d6a00
http://eprints.utp.edu.my/23884/
_version_ 1741196748306513920
score 11.62408

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