Effects of temperature on the chemical composition of tars produced from the gasification of coconut and palm kernel shells using downdraft fixed-bed reactor

Tar is derived from the gasification of cellulose and hemicellulose-rich coconut shell (CS) and lignin rich-palm kernel shell (PKS) using a downdraft fixed-bed reactor at 700 °C�900 °C. The tar yields and higher heating values from both biomass decrease with the increase in temperature, but high...

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Main Authors: Zubair Yahaya, A., Rao Somalu, M., Muchtar, A., Anwar Sulaiman, S., Ramli Wan Daud, W.
Format: Article
Institution: Universiti Teknologi Petronas
Record Id / ISBN-0: utp-eprints.32429 /
Published: Elsevier Ltd 2020
Online Access: https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85076951636&doi=10.1016%2fj.fuel.2019.116910&partnerID=40&md5=3e7a361fe960ce86eb90b9da207e65e7
http://eprints.utp.edu.my/32429/
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spelling utp-eprints.324292022-03-29T03:34:00Z Effects of temperature on the chemical composition of tars produced from the gasification of coconut and palm kernel shells using downdraft fixed-bed reactor Zubair Yahaya, A. Rao Somalu, M. Muchtar, A. Anwar Sulaiman, S. Ramli Wan Daud, W. Tar is derived from the gasification of cellulose and hemicellulose-rich coconut shell (CS) and lignin rich-palm kernel shell (PKS) using a downdraft fixed-bed reactor at 700 °C�900 °C. The tar yields and higher heating values from both biomass decrease with the increase in temperature, but high tar yields and higher heating values are obtained from PKS. Fourier transform infrared showed a similar pattern between the wavenumbers of 1500 cm�1 and 4000 cm�1, thereby indicating that the main chemical groups in CS and PKS tars are similar. The ultraviolet�visible spectroscopy shows that the aromatic content of tars increases with the increase in temperature, and CS tars show higher fluorescence intensity than PKS tars at >800 °C. Proton nuclear magnetic resonance shows that the tars from CS and PKS exhibit highly aromatic and phenolic protons, respectively. Gas chromatography�mass spectrometry results reveal that the total relative content of compounds in PKS tars is slightly higher than that in CS tars, and phenol group is the most abundant compound at all temperatures. Overall, the formation of aromatics and light PAHs are higher with CS tars, but PKS tars are more stable for the formation of heterocyclic and heavy PAHs. © 2019 Elsevier Ltd Elsevier Ltd 2020 Article NonPeerReviewed https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85076951636&doi=10.1016%2fj.fuel.2019.116910&partnerID=40&md5=3e7a361fe960ce86eb90b9da207e65e7 Zubair Yahaya, A. and Rao Somalu, M. and Muchtar, A. and Anwar Sulaiman, S. and Ramli Wan Daud, W. (2020) Effects of temperature on the chemical composition of tars produced from the gasification of coconut and palm kernel shells using downdraft fixed-bed reactor. Fuel, 265 . http://eprints.utp.edu.my/32429/
institution Universiti Teknologi Petronas
collection UTP Institutional Repository
description Tar is derived from the gasification of cellulose and hemicellulose-rich coconut shell (CS) and lignin rich-palm kernel shell (PKS) using a downdraft fixed-bed reactor at 700 °C�900 °C. The tar yields and higher heating values from both biomass decrease with the increase in temperature, but high tar yields and higher heating values are obtained from PKS. Fourier transform infrared showed a similar pattern between the wavenumbers of 1500 cm�1 and 4000 cm�1, thereby indicating that the main chemical groups in CS and PKS tars are similar. The ultraviolet�visible spectroscopy shows that the aromatic content of tars increases with the increase in temperature, and CS tars show higher fluorescence intensity than PKS tars at >800 °C. Proton nuclear magnetic resonance shows that the tars from CS and PKS exhibit highly aromatic and phenolic protons, respectively. Gas chromatography�mass spectrometry results reveal that the total relative content of compounds in PKS tars is slightly higher than that in CS tars, and phenol group is the most abundant compound at all temperatures. Overall, the formation of aromatics and light PAHs are higher with CS tars, but PKS tars are more stable for the formation of heterocyclic and heavy PAHs. © 2019 Elsevier Ltd
format Article
author Zubair Yahaya, A.
Rao Somalu, M.
Muchtar, A.
Anwar Sulaiman, S.
Ramli Wan Daud, W.
spellingShingle Zubair Yahaya, A.
Rao Somalu, M.
Muchtar, A.
Anwar Sulaiman, S.
Ramli Wan Daud, W.
Effects of temperature on the chemical composition of tars produced from the gasification of coconut and palm kernel shells using downdraft fixed-bed reactor
author_sort Zubair Yahaya, A.
title Effects of temperature on the chemical composition of tars produced from the gasification of coconut and palm kernel shells using downdraft fixed-bed reactor
title_short Effects of temperature on the chemical composition of tars produced from the gasification of coconut and palm kernel shells using downdraft fixed-bed reactor
title_full Effects of temperature on the chemical composition of tars produced from the gasification of coconut and palm kernel shells using downdraft fixed-bed reactor
title_fullStr Effects of temperature on the chemical composition of tars produced from the gasification of coconut and palm kernel shells using downdraft fixed-bed reactor
title_full_unstemmed Effects of temperature on the chemical composition of tars produced from the gasification of coconut and palm kernel shells using downdraft fixed-bed reactor
title_sort effects of temperature on the chemical composition of tars produced from the gasification of coconut and palm kernel shells using downdraft fixed-bed reactor
publisher Elsevier Ltd
publishDate 2020
url https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85076951636&doi=10.1016%2fj.fuel.2019.116910&partnerID=40&md5=3e7a361fe960ce86eb90b9da207e65e7
http://eprints.utp.edu.my/32429/
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score 11.62408

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