Graphene Oxide-Catalyzed Subcritical Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Spirulina to Bio-Oil

Graphene oxide and graphite oxide were successfully synthesized by oxidizing pure graphite with concentrated sulphuric acid and potassium permanganate using the Hummers’ method. The catalysts were characterized by using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy. The catalysts were used to catalyse...

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Main Author: Chen, Swee Keat
Format: Final Year Project
Language: English
Institution: Universiti Teknologi Petronas
Record Id / ISBN-0: utp-utpedia.22842 /
Published: Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS 2016
Subjects:
Online Access: http://utpedia.utp.edu.my/22842/1/Chen%20Swee%20Keat_18604.pdf
http://utpedia.utp.edu.my/22842/
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Summary: Graphene oxide and graphite oxide were successfully synthesized by oxidizing pure graphite with concentrated sulphuric acid and potassium permanganate using the Hummers’ method. The catalysts were characterized by using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy. The catalysts were used to catalyse hydrothermal liquefaction of spirulina under subcritical conditions at temperature of 220-300°C. After liquefaction reaction, the yield of bio-oil, solid products, solutes dissolved in aqueous phase and gas products were calculated. Mass balance in terms of mass and mass percent was performed to determine mass of gas products formed during the reaction.