Sulfonated SnO2nanocatalysts: Via a self-propagating combustion method for esterification of palm fatty acid distillate

Biodiesel derived from palm fatty acid distillate (PFAD) was produced via catalytic esterification using sulfonated tin oxide (HSO3-/SnO2) as the superacid solid catalyst. In this work, the SnO2 catalyst was synthesised by the self-propagating combustion (SPC) method, and activated using chlorosulfo...

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Main Authors: Nabihah-Fauzi, N., Asikin-Mijan, N., Ibrahim, M.L., Hashim, H., Yusup, S., Taufiq-Yap, Y.H., Mastuli, M.S.
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Institution: Universiti Teknologi Petronas
Record Id / ISBN-0: utp-eprints.30063 /
Published: Royal Society of Chemistry 2020
Online Access: https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85091635277&doi=10.1039%2fd0ra05110a&partnerID=40&md5=84c956bd9bde24f60422514b9bdd93b8
http://eprints.utp.edu.my/30063/
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spelling utp-eprints.300632022-03-25T03:23:08Z Sulfonated SnO2nanocatalysts: Via a self-propagating combustion method for esterification of palm fatty acid distillate Nabihah-Fauzi, N. Asikin-Mijan, N. Ibrahim, M.L. Hashim, H. Yusup, S. Taufiq-Yap, Y.H. Mastuli, M.S. Biodiesel derived from palm fatty acid distillate (PFAD) was produced via catalytic esterification using sulfonated tin oxide (HSO3-/SnO2) as the superacid solid catalyst. In this work, the SnO2 catalyst was synthesised by the self-propagating combustion (SPC) method, and activated using chlorosulfonic acid. The SPC method was able to produce nano-sized particles with homogenous size and shape that were anchored with many HSO3- ions, resulting in more exceptional acid properties that effectively esterified the PFAD feedstock into FAMEs (fatty acid methyl esters). Several studies based on metal oxide-based catalysts were also included for comparison. Under the optimised conditions of 9�:�1 (methanol-to-PFAD molar ratio), 4 wt (catalyst loading), 100 °C (reaction temperature) and 3 h (reaction time), the FFA conversion and FAME yield were 98.9 and 93.8, respectively. Besides, the sulfonated SnO2-spc catalyst can be reused in up to five consecutive cycles with an acceptable esterification performance and minimal sulfur leaching. It is worth mentioning that the SPC method is a greener and simpler technique to obtain the nanocatalysts. Overall, the production of FAME from low value, cheaper, abundant, and non-edible PFAD feedstock, assisted by a non-transition metal oxide of sulfonated SnO2 catalyst, could reduce the cost of biodiesel production. This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry. Royal Society of Chemistry 2020 Article NonPeerReviewed https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85091635277&doi=10.1039%2fd0ra05110a&partnerID=40&md5=84c956bd9bde24f60422514b9bdd93b8 Nabihah-Fauzi, N. and Asikin-Mijan, N. and Ibrahim, M.L. and Hashim, H. and Yusup, S. and Taufiq-Yap, Y.H. and Mastuli, M.S. (2020) Sulfonated SnO2nanocatalysts: Via a self-propagating combustion method for esterification of palm fatty acid distillate. RSC Advances, 10 (49). pp. 29187-29201. http://eprints.utp.edu.my/30063/
institution Universiti Teknologi Petronas
collection UTP Institutional Repository
description Biodiesel derived from palm fatty acid distillate (PFAD) was produced via catalytic esterification using sulfonated tin oxide (HSO3-/SnO2) as the superacid solid catalyst. In this work, the SnO2 catalyst was synthesised by the self-propagating combustion (SPC) method, and activated using chlorosulfonic acid. The SPC method was able to produce nano-sized particles with homogenous size and shape that were anchored with many HSO3- ions, resulting in more exceptional acid properties that effectively esterified the PFAD feedstock into FAMEs (fatty acid methyl esters). Several studies based on metal oxide-based catalysts were also included for comparison. Under the optimised conditions of 9�:�1 (methanol-to-PFAD molar ratio), 4 wt (catalyst loading), 100 °C (reaction temperature) and 3 h (reaction time), the FFA conversion and FAME yield were 98.9 and 93.8, respectively. Besides, the sulfonated SnO2-spc catalyst can be reused in up to five consecutive cycles with an acceptable esterification performance and minimal sulfur leaching. It is worth mentioning that the SPC method is a greener and simpler technique to obtain the nanocatalysts. Overall, the production of FAME from low value, cheaper, abundant, and non-edible PFAD feedstock, assisted by a non-transition metal oxide of sulfonated SnO2 catalyst, could reduce the cost of biodiesel production. This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry.
format Article
author Nabihah-Fauzi, N.
Asikin-Mijan, N.
Ibrahim, M.L.
Hashim, H.
Yusup, S.
Taufiq-Yap, Y.H.
Mastuli, M.S.
spellingShingle Nabihah-Fauzi, N.
Asikin-Mijan, N.
Ibrahim, M.L.
Hashim, H.
Yusup, S.
Taufiq-Yap, Y.H.
Mastuli, M.S.
Sulfonated SnO2nanocatalysts: Via a self-propagating combustion method for esterification of palm fatty acid distillate
author_sort Nabihah-Fauzi, N.
title Sulfonated SnO2nanocatalysts: Via a self-propagating combustion method for esterification of palm fatty acid distillate
title_short Sulfonated SnO2nanocatalysts: Via a self-propagating combustion method for esterification of palm fatty acid distillate
title_full Sulfonated SnO2nanocatalysts: Via a self-propagating combustion method for esterification of palm fatty acid distillate
title_fullStr Sulfonated SnO2nanocatalysts: Via a self-propagating combustion method for esterification of palm fatty acid distillate
title_full_unstemmed Sulfonated SnO2nanocatalysts: Via a self-propagating combustion method for esterification of palm fatty acid distillate
title_sort sulfonated sno2nanocatalysts: via a self-propagating combustion method for esterification of palm fatty acid distillate
publisher Royal Society of Chemistry
publishDate 2020
url https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85091635277&doi=10.1039%2fd0ra05110a&partnerID=40&md5=84c956bd9bde24f60422514b9bdd93b8
http://eprints.utp.edu.my/30063/
_version_ 1741197343878807552
score 11.62408

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